The average outward growth of built form across each city between 2000-2014, as well as the average upward growth between 2001-2009. The size of the circle displays the Outward Expansion Index, while the color represents the Upward Expansion Index.

Cities by Outward Expansion (dot size) and Upward Expansion (dot color)

The average outward growth of built form across each city between 2000-2014. The size of the circle also displays the Outward Expansion Index.

Outward Expansion Index

The average upward growth of built form across each city between 2001-2009.

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